集団が良い決断をする方法
1,672,590 views | マリアーノ・シグマン&ダン・アリエリー • TED Studio
グループで何か決めるとき、必ずしも上手く行かず、まずい結果になることもあることを私たちは知っています。どうすればグループは良い決定ができるのでしょう? 神経科学者のマリアーノ・シグマンは共同研究者のダン・アリエリーとともに、世界中で大きな集団を相手に実験をし、人がやり取りを通していかに結論にたどり着くのか調べています。この事実がふんだんにつまった楽しい解説では、興味深い結果が、その政治システムに影響する可能性とともに紹介されています。人々がかつてなく分極化している今、グループがいかに相互作用し結論に至るかの理解は、健全な民主主義を作る興味深い新たな方法を生むかもしれないと彼は考えています。
グループで何か決めるとき、必ずしも上手く行かず、まずい結果になることもあることを私たちは知っています。どうすればグループは良い決定ができるのでしょう? 神経科学者のマリアーノ・シグマンは共同研究者のダン・アリエリーとともに、世界中で大きな集団を相手に実験をし、人がやり取りを通していかに結論にたどり着くのか調べています。この事実がふんだんにつまった楽しい解説では、興味深い結果が、その政治システムに影響する可能性とともに紹介されています。人々がかつてなく分極化している今、グループがいかに相互作用し結論に至るかの理解は、健全な民主主義を作る興味深い新たな方法を生むかもしれないと彼は考えています。
About the speakers
Dan Ariely questions the forces that influence human behavior and the irrational ways we often behave.
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Mariano Sigman | William Collins, 2017 | Book
The Secret Life of the Mind
James Fishkin | Yale University Press, 1993 | Book
Democracy and Deliberation: New Directions for Democratic Reform
This book proposes a new kind of democracy for the modern era, one that not only gives citizens more power but also allows them more opportunities to exercise this power thoughtfully. James S. Fishkin here suggests an innovative solution to the problem of inadequate deliberation, in particular within our presidential nomination system. His reform involves a well-publicized national caucus in which a representative sample of American citizens would interact directly with presidential contenders in order to reflect and vote on the issues and candidates.
Isaac Asimov | Ace, 1990 | Book
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Charles Macka | Dover Publications, 2003 | Book
Extraordinary Popular Delusions and The Madness of Crowds
A classic that still reflects the most relevant principles on why collective decisions may go wrong, and lead to misconception, and delusion. Written more than 150 years ago it seems that it is never been as relevant as in these days.
Joaquin Navajas, Tamara Niella, Gerry Garbulsky, Bahador Bahrami and Mariano Sigman | Article
"Aggregated knowledge from a small number of debates outperforms the wisdom of large crowds"
Aggregated knowledge from a small number of debates outperforms the wisdom of large crowds. This preprint (accepted in principle in the journal Nature Human Behavior) presents the experiment described in the first part of the talk, providing experimental demonstrations that small debates lead to much more accurate collective judgments.
Jan Lorenza, Heiko Rauhutb, Frank Schweitzera and Dirk Helbing | PNAS, 2010 | Article
"How social influence can undermine the wisdom of crowd effect"
This paper shows how (and why) social influence can undermine the wisdom of the crowds.
Gabriel Madirolas and Gonzalo G. de Polavieja | PLOS, 2015 | Article
"Improving Collective Estimations Using Resistance to Social Influence"
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TEDxperiments at TEDxRíodelaPlata 2015
The TEDxRíodelaPlata event where we performed this experiment to ask how debates may improve collective wisdom.
View another TEDxperiment from 2015 here.
View another TEDxperiment from 2015 here.
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