당신이 틀렸음에도 당신이 옳다고 생각하는 이유
7,930,913 views |
줄리아 갈렙(Julia Galef) |
TEDxPSU
• February 2016
당신의 믿음이 시험대에 올랐을 때, 관점은 무엇보다 중요합니다. 당신은 어떤 대가를 치르더라도 당신의 견해를 지키려는 병사입니까?, 호기심에 가득찬 스카우트인가요? 줄리아 갈렙은 19세기 프랑스의 한 역사적 사건을 통해 이 두 마음자세 뒤에 있는 동기와 이들이 어떻게 정보를 해석하고 조합하는지를 보여줍니다. 가렙은 질문을 던진다:" 당신은 무엇을 갈망하나요? 당신의 믿음을 지키기를 갈망합니까? 아니면 가능한 세상을 정확히 보기를 갈망합니까?
당신의 믿음이 시험대에 올랐을 때, 관점은 무엇보다 중요합니다. 당신은 어떤 대가를 치르더라도 당신의 견해를 지키려는 병사입니까?, 호기심에 가득찬 스카우트인가요? 줄리아 갈렙은 19세기 프랑스의 한 역사적 사건을 통해 이 두 마음자세 뒤에 있는 동기와 이들이 어떻게 정보를 해석하고 조합하는지를 보여줍니다. 가렙은 질문을 던진다:" 당신은 무엇을 갈망하나요? 당신의 믿음을 지키기를 갈망합니까? 아니면 가능한 세상을 정확히 보기를 갈망합니까?
This talk was presented to a local audience at TEDxPSU, an independent event. TED's editors chose to feature it for you.
Read more about TEDx.Sign up for Julia Galef's mailing list and learn more about scout mindset and rationality.
About the speaker
Julia Galef investigates how and why people change their minds.
Maria Konnikova | The New Yorker | Article
This is an accessible article from The New Yorker discussing the work of political scientist Brendan Nyhan on motivated cognition and a potential solution (article links to a relevant study).
Sample quote: 'It’s the realization that persistently false beliefs stem from issues closely tied to our conception of self that prompted Nyhan and his colleagues to look at less traditional methods of rectifying misinformation... The theory, pioneered by Claude Steele, suggests that, when people feel their sense of self threatened by the outside world, they are strongly motivated to correct the misperception, be it by reasoning away the inconsistency or by modifying their behavior.'
Sample quote: 'It’s the realization that persistently false beliefs stem from issues closely tied to our conception of self that prompted Nyhan and his colleagues to look at less traditional methods of rectifying misinformation... The theory, pioneered by Claude Steele, suggests that, when people feel their sense of self threatened by the outside world, they are strongly motivated to correct the misperception, be it by reasoning away the inconsistency or by modifying their behavior.'
Philip Tetlock and Dan Gardner | Crown, 2015 | Book
This is a great book on the habits and traits of the most accurate forecasters. Tetlock's research supports my thesis that the motivation to pursue accuracy (scout mindset) is crucial to actually being right.
Sample quote: 'A brilliant puzzle solver may have the raw material for forecasting, but if he doesn’t also have an appetite for questioning basic, emotionally charged beliefs he will often be at a disadvantage relative to a less intelligent person who has a greater capacity for self-critical thinking. It’s not the raw crunching power you have that matters most. It’s what you do with it.'
Sample quote: 'A brilliant puzzle solver may have the raw material for forecasting, but if he doesn’t also have an appetite for questioning basic, emotionally charged beliefs he will often be at a disadvantage relative to a less intelligent person who has a greater capacity for self-critical thinking. It’s not the raw crunching power you have that matters most. It’s what you do with it.'
Julia Galef | Watch
Here I offer some suggestions for shifting yourself into scout mindset (i.e., boosting your motivation to see things accurately, even if that means acknowledging you were wrong before).
Sample quote: 'We get so attached to ideas that we think of them as part of ourselves, so that when someone attacks a belief we hold, it feels like an attack on us personally, and we automatically jump into defensive mode. To prevent that from happening, I try thinking of my belief as no longer being my belief, just a belief that I'm examining alongside other alternatives. (In fact, I find it useful to visualize this figuratively, imagining the belief under discussion as being located somewhere a few feet away from my body. Weird, but you'd be surprised how much it can help lessen your sense of identification with the idea.)'
Sample quote: 'We get so attached to ideas that we think of them as part of ourselves, so that when someone attacks a belief we hold, it feels like an attack on us personally, and we automatically jump into defensive mode. To prevent that from happening, I try thinking of my belief as no longer being my belief, just a belief that I'm examining alongside other alternatives. (In fact, I find it useful to visualize this figuratively, imagining the belief under discussion as being located somewhere a few feet away from my body. Weird, but you'd be surprised how much it can help lessen your sense of identification with the idea.)'
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About TEDx
TEDx was created in the spirit of TED's mission, "ideas worth spreading." It supports independent organizers who want to create a TED-like event in their own community.
This talk was presented to a local audience at TEDxPSU, an independent event. TED's editors chose to feature it for you.
Read more about TEDx.Sign up for Julia Galef's mailing list and learn more about scout mindset and rationality.